Question

Most soluble in water is,
a. Camphor
b. Sulphur
c. Common salt
d. sugar

Answer 1

As we know that the solubility is the property of solute which may be solid, liquid or gaseous chemical substances to dissolve in a solvent (solid, liquid or gas) and there is a formation of solution. The solubility increases with increasing temperature. When increasing the temperature, the solvent molecules can easily break the solute particles which are attracted by an intermolecular force of attraction.

Complete answer:
We need to know that the camphor is a polar compound and it contains a ketone group in its structure. The polarity of camphor is due to the presence of lone pairs of electrons on oxygen. And it is only sparingly soluble in water. Hence, option (a) is incorrect.
The sulphur is nonpolar in nature. Therefore, the sulphur is not soluble in water. Hence, option (b) is incorrect.
The sodium chloride is also known as common salt and it is an ionic compound. The common salt is polar in nature and it is soluble in water. But among the given compounds, common salt is not the most soluble compound. Hence, option (c) is incorrect.
Among the given compounds, sugar is the most soluble compound in water. Because sugar has six hydroxyl groups. Usually, they dissolve in warm and hot water very quickly. The sugar is prepared by using sucrose and that molecule is more complex and larger than the ions present in the salt.
When applying energy to the polar sucrose molecules, there is a formation of intermolecular bonds with the polar water molecules. And that intermolecular bonds are very weak and it gives the energy to derange the structure of both pure solvent and the solute. Therefore, sugar is most soluble in water.

So, the correct answer is “Option d”.

Note:
We need to know that when a substance is completely dissolved in water, we can say that the substance has higher solubility. The solubility mainly depends on four factors and that is, temperature, polarity, pressure and molecular size. The polar species are soluble in the water. But the nonpolar species will not be soluble and it is soluble in oils. The polar solute is always soluble in polar solvent only and nonpolar solute soluble in nonpolar solvents.