Question

Momentum of a body of mass $0.5{\text{ }}kg$ moving with a speed of $10{\text{ }}\dfrac{m}{s}$ is:

Answer 1

From Newton’s second law of motion, the concept of momentum is gained. The definition, as well as the formula of momentum, have to be known. The momentum depends upon the mass and velocity of a body. When a particle moves with a motion the applied force on it is equal to the rate of change in momentum of the body.

Formula used:
Momentum $P = m \times v$
$m$ is the mass of the body and $v$is the speed.

Complete answer:
When a body of mass $m$ moves with a velocity $v$, the momentum is gained by the product of the mass and velocity. From Newton’s second law of motion, we get to know that the change in momentum is equal to the applied force on the body during its motion.
Here in the problem, the mass and speed are given. The momentum can be calculated by multiplying the mass and the speed of the body.
Momentum $P = m \times v$
$m$ is the mass of the body and $v$is the speed.
Given, $m = 0.5{\text{ }}kg$ and, $v = 10{\text{ }}\dfrac{m}{s}$
$\therefore P = 0.5 \times 10$
$\Rightarrow P = 5{\text{ }}\dfrac{{kg.m}}{s}$
The unit of momentum SI is, $\dfrac{{kg.m}}{s}$
Momentum= $5{\text{ }}\dfrac{{kg.m}}{s}$.

Note: Momentum has both magnitude and direction. Hence, it is a vector quantity. so it can be used to assume the final direction and speed of motion of particles after their collisions. Momentum is based on the motion of an object. If an object travels with a velocity that is double of the initial one, its momentum also becomes double. Force does the change in momentum of the particle when the particle changes its speed. Therefore, it can be concluded that momentum is the multiple of force and time.