Question

Mitosis term was coined by
(a)Flemming
(b)Watson
(c)Thomson
(d)Addison

Answer 1

Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in cell biology in which replicated chromosomes are divided into two new nuclei. Cell division gives rise to genetically identical cells in which the total number of chromosomes is maintained.

Complete answer:
-The term "mitosis" coined in 1882 by Walther Flemming is derived from the Greek word mitos meaning "warp thread".
-In general, mitosis (a division of the nucleus) is preceded by the S stage of interphase and is often accompanied by telophase and cytokinesis; which divides the cytoplasm, organelles, and cell membrane of one cell into two new cells containing approximately equal shares of these cellular components.
-The different stages of Mitosis all together characterize the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle — the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells genetically identical to each other.
-The mitosis process is split into phases corresponding to the end of one set of activities and the beginning of the next. Prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase are such stages. -The chromosomes that have already been duplicated during mitosis condense and bind to spindle fibers, dragging one copy of each chromosome to opposite sides of the cell.
-For example, animal cells undergo "open" mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes split, while fungi undergo "closed" mitosis, where chromosomes divide inside an intact cell nucleus.
-By mitotic cell division, most human somatic cells are formed.
So, the correct answer is ‘Flemming’.

Note: Only in eukaryotic cells does mitosis occur. A separate mechanism called binary fission separates prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus.