Question

Milk sugar is
(a)Sucrose
(b)Galactose
(c)Lactose
(d)Glucose
(e)Fructose

Answer 1

The milk sugar is a disaccharide that is formed from two of the most common monosaccharides available. These monosaccharides are also absorbed readily by the body and broken down to release energy.

Complete answer:
Lactose is the sugar that is found in milk and it is a disaccharide formed by the combination between glucose and galactose. This lactose sugar is broken down in the intestine of our body with the help of the enzyme lactase so that we can easily absorb the simpler forms of it which are glucose and galactose. People whose body produces low or negligible amounts of lactase cannot digest the lactose sugar and thus are known as lactose intolerant. The symptoms of lactose intolerance include diarrhea, gas, bloating, etc.

Additional Information:
Let us know about the other sugars that are mentioned in the options:
Sucrose: It is a common disaccharide that is made up of glucose and fructose. Sucrose is found naturally in plants from which it is refined to produce table sugar.
Galactose: It is a type of monosaccharide like glucose and tastes just as sweet as glucose does. It is an aldohexose which means it is a six-carbon compound with an aldehyde group.
Glucose: It is the most abundant monosaccharide and is made by plants during photosynthesis using carbon dioxide and water. It is the monomer for many polymers such as starch, cellulose, etc.
Fructose: It is also known as fruit sugar which is a ketonic monosaccharide found in plants. Fructose, along with glucose and galactose makes up the three dietary monosaccharides.
So, the correct option is ‘Lactose’.

Note:
-The molecular formula for sucrose is ${ C }_{ 12 }{ H }_{ 22 }{ O }_{ 11 }$.
-Maltose is another type of disaccharide that is formed by the combination of two glucose units.
-Amylases are the enzymes in the body responsible for the breakdown of saccharides. Example- salivary amylase, pancreatic amylase.