Question

Middle lamella is composed mainly of
A. Calcium and magnesium pectate
B. Phosphoglycerides
C. Hemicellulose
D. Muramic acid

Answer 1

They are the important minerals of the body that help in performing the various functions and give strength and also acts as a cementing material between the two walls surrounding it.

Complete answer:
The middle lamella of a mature plant is made up of calcium and magnesium pectate. It helps in joining the cell walls of the two adjacent cells. This is the first layer that is formed after the division of the cell.

Additional Information:
-Middle lamella is formed after the occurrence of the cytokinesis.
-The cell plate develops at the time of cell division and will later form a middle lamella.
-The pectins help in developing the cell wall, which is continuous in all the cells.
-The cell wall is made up of three layers: an outer layer (secondary wall), middle lamella, and an inner layer (primary wall).
-If the cell has two layers of the primary cell wall, one middle lamella, and one secondary wall then it will form complex middle lamella.
-The calcium and magnesium are taken through the root absorption of the plants.
-The translocation of these minerals occurs in that region with the help of the xylem tissues.
-Calcium pectate gives plants a hard stature and is found in all fruits and vegetables.
So, the correct answer is ‘Calcium and magnesium pectate'.

Note:
Robert Hooke in 1665, has seen this cell wall for the first time and has named it as a wall. The cell wall of the plant is made up of various chemical compounds, cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, lignin, microfibrils, and the other proteins. The cell wall is found in all the organisms including plants, fungi, prokaryotes but is absent in animals. These cell walls help in maintaining osmotic pressure and which prevents the overexpansion of the cell at the time of entering the water.