Question

Microorganism used in fermentation for alcohol is
A. Lactobacillus
B. Saccharomyces
C. Penicillium
D. Acetobacter

Answer 1

Fermentation is defined as a metabolic process that helps in the extraction of energy from the carbohydrates in the absence of the oxygen. The microorganisms use fermentation to produce ATP by degrading the organic nutrients anaerobically.

Complete Answer:
- Alcohol fermentation is also called ethanol fermentation. Alcohol fermentation is a complex process. The sugars such as glucose, sucrose, and fructose are converted into energy molecules. The ethanol, carbon dioxide are produced in this process. The alcohol fermentation is processed by Saccharomyces .It is a species of yeast.
- Yeast uses this process to make ATP. Yeast can function in the presence of oxygen as well as in the absence of oxygen.
- The alcohol fermentation is performed by yeast in the absence of oxygen. This process happens in the cytosol of yeast. This process is important for the manufacturing of alcoholic beverages.
- The saccharomyces is a species of yeast which is used in the beer and wine making process. The saccharomyces ferment the different types of sugars to produce ethanol.
- Alcoholic fermentation starts after the glucose enters the cell. The glucose is converted into pyruvic acid. The pyruvic acid is then converted into carbon dioxide, ethanol and energy.

So the correct answer is Saccharomyces.

Note: Saccharomyces is a genus of fungi which has many species of yeasts. The members of this genus are considered very important for food production. It is also called baker's yeast. The saccharomyces cerevisiae is used in making wine, beer and bread. Acetobacter Aceti is used in the production of vinegar.