Question

Mention the names of any $8$ Common disease, their causative agents, symptoms and their preventive measures.

Answer 1

Disease is a condition in which the regular mechanism of an organism’s body is disoriented and infected by any foreign pathogen. Diseases can be categorized into two categories based on infections- communicable and non-communicable. Communicable diseases are diseases which are easily transmitted from an infected person to a healthy person.

Complete answer:
The other type would be- non-communicable diseases- which are non-spreadable. Common diseases which are affected and caused by organisms like- bacteria, virus, fungi and parasites. These organisms are normally harmless or can be helpful. The mode of transmission to any infectious diseases can be from person to person or through animals as hosts or can be from contaminated food or water.
Some common diseases like- sore throat, urinary tract infection, bronchitis, common cold, allergies, Diarrhea, Headaches, stomach ache, measles, malaria etc.
Causative agents include- for sore throat, common cold- viruses. Symptoms can be- sneezing, runny nose, cough, headache, nasal congestion and fever in people. Common cold spreads through airborne droplets as it is a communicable disease, also by saliva, skin to skin contact.
Treatment- taking anti-inflammatories and proper care, it takes two weeks to recover fully.
Diarrhea, cholera- causative agents like- rotavirus and Escherichia coli are the etiological agents of this disease. Symptoms- stomach ache, indigestion, loose bowel movements, dehydration etc. Treatment- taking oral rehydration solution, having fruit juices or liquid diet, zinc supplementation.
Measles and chickenpox- measles is caused by measles virus and chicken pox by varicella-zoster virus.
Symptoms- rash skin, itchy skin, red patches and blisters over the body. There is a period in which rash develops and spots can be observed, such as lesions in the mouth.
Treatment- can be cured by antihistamines, antiviral medication like-acyclovir and homemade remedies to cure rashes and blisters.

Note:
Many infectious diseases can be prevented by taking proper care and prevention by vaccines. Direct contact from person to person and animal to person can be a mode of transmission. Mother to unborn child as they can transfer through placenta or breast milk.