Question

Mention one power loss in the transformer.

Answer 1

There are various types of power losses in transformers such as iron losses, copper/ohmic losses, stray losses and dielectric losses. Iron loss is due to change in magnetic flux in the core, ohmic loss is due to the heat produced due to resistance of the material, while dielectric losses are due to the heat loss, because of the dielectric ability of the material.

Complete step by step answer:
There is no such thing as an ideal transformer. There will be heat losses in the transformer due to losses such as follows:
Iron losses,Copper/Ohmic losses,Stray losses,Dielectric losses
Iron losses: Iron loss is caused due to the alternation of magnetic flux in the core of the transformer. Because this loss occurs in the core, it is also known as core loss. Iron losses can be divided into two different losses as follow:
Hysteresis loss: The core of the transformer is subjected to an alternating magnetization and demagnetization caused by the alternating input current and for each circulation of the electromotive force, a hysteresis loop is traced. These losses can be reduced using alloys like silicon steel. The power which is dissipated due to loss of heat in hysteresis is shown by the equation below:
${{P}_{h}}={{K}_{\eta }}{{B}_{(max)}}^{(1.6)}f\centerdot V$ Watts
Where, ${K_\eta }$ is the constant which is known as Steinmetz constant for a given specimen and a given range of flux density and, f is the frequency of magnetization reversals, Bmax is the peak value of flux density in the core and V is the volume of the magnetic material.
Eddy Currents losses: Because the core itself is made up of conducting material, these losses are aroused. Due to this, the voltage induced in it because of the changing flux produces currents which circulate in the material. These currents are called eddy currents. The eddy current loss can be minimized by considering the laminated core. The value of the current depends upon the amount of electromotive force around the circuit and the resistance of the circuit. The power loss is given by,
${P_e} = {K_e}{f^2}{B_{(max)}}^2{t^2}V$
Where, Ke = eddy current coefficient and it depends upon the type of material of the core, t is the lamination thickness.

Note:
It is important to write ways to minimize the extent of power losses in a transformer. It is also important to include formulas of heat losses wherever applicable, which gives the idea of the amount of extent of heat losses. Ohmic losses are due to heat loss from the resistor, and the heat loss is obtained from the formula $H = {I^2}R$.