Question

Mention any three culture media used in plant tissue culture.

Answer 1

This process involves the use of small pieces of given plant tissue (plant of interest). Once the tissue is obtained, it is then cultured in an appropriate medium under sterile conditions, to prevent various types of microorganisms from affecting the process.

Complete answer:
The important culture media used for the all-purpose experiment were Murashige and Skoog medium (MS medium), Gamborg medium (B5 medium), White medium (W medium) and Nitsch medium.

Additional Information:
Plant tissue culture is the technique practised to maintain and grow plant cells, tissues or organs under controlled environmental conditions on a synthetic nutrient medium of the known composition. The part which is cultured is named explant, i.e., any a part of a plant taken out and grown in a test tube, under sterile conditions in special nutrient media. This capacity to get an entire plant from any cell/explant is named totipotency. The steps utilized in tissue culture are:
-Explant culture - A cell, tissue or a small piece of plant part is extracted from the plant as an explanation. it's sterilized and placed in the nutrient medium. The cells absorb nutrients and begin multiplying.
-Callus formation and culture - An unorganized mass of cells produced by the expansion of explanation is named callus. The cells of callus are identical as they're produced by the method of mitosis.
-Organogenesis - the growth hormones like auxins and cytokinins in proper amounts are added to the callus to induce organ formation. counting on the extent of auxins and cytokinins, the root and shoot system begins to develop.
-Cell formation/ Suspension culture - The callus is transferred to a liquid medium and is agitated for the formation of cell or suspension culture. it's agitated at 100-250 rpm constantly. The callus and suspension culture end in cell biomass production which may be utilized for the regeneration of recent plants.

Note:
Advantages of Tissue Culture:
The new plantlets can be grown in a short amount of time. Only a small number of initial plant tissue is required. The new plantlets and plants are likely to be free of viruses and diseases. The process will be independent of the seasons and can be done throughout the year.