Question

Mendel Conducted his experiments on which plant to study the mechanism of inheritance.

Answer 1

Mendel conducted his experiments on a pea plant known as Pisum sativum for the mechanism and inheritance. He explained genetics with his theories based on the experiments he underwent with the pea plant. Mendel basically did research on Heredity. He is also known as the father of genetics.

Complete answer:
Johann Gregor Mendel, did a long framework of chromosomes or genes to be identified when meiosis and cell cycles were not well understood. In $1865$, he presented the results of his experiments with $30,000$ pea plant variety. He demonstrated his results in the natural history Society. Where offspring independently showed traits of either dominant or recessive characters.
He chooses pea plants for his experiments because- plants produce larger numbers of offspring in a short span of time in comparison to any micro-organisms. Also, seeds can contain genetic information which makes it easier to extract the information and conduct experiments with plant seed rather than animal’s embryo.
He demonstrated $3$ laws of inheritance using the pea plant- law of segregation, law of independent assortment, law of dominance. He carefully selected the pea plant as it is a self-pollinating plant and he observed seven generations of the plant and studied them in a short period before publishing about genetics.

Note:
He also structured his experiments in a way that he can pair one contrasting character of a variety to another contrasting character at a time. He also studied the purebred lines of the plant. For example- he crossed two pure lines of the offspring known as first generation or F$1$ generation and then self-pollinated which resulted in F$2$ generation.