Question

Melvin Calvin received nobel prize for
A. Botany
B. Plant physiology
C. Biochemistry
D. Chemistry

Answer 1

The Nobel Prize-winning work on photosynthesis started with Calvin. After applying carbon dioxide with trace amounts of radioactive carbon to an illuminated suspension of Chlorella pyrenoidosa single-cell green algae, the growth of the algae stopped at various stages and paper chromatography was used to isolate and classify the minute amounts of radioactive compounds.

Complete answer:
Calvin was the son of parents who were refugees. His father was from Kalvaria, Lithuania, so he was called Calvin by the Ellis Island immigration authorities; his mother was from Russian Georgia. The family moved to Detroit , Michigan, shortly after his birth, where Calvin showed an early interest in science, especially chemistry and physics.
He received a full scholarship from Houghton's Michigan College of Mining and Technology where he was the first chemistry major at the school. Few courses in chemistry were issued, so he enrolled in courses in mineralogy, geology, palaeontology, and civil engineering, all of which proved useful in his subsequent interdisciplinary scientific study. Calvin obtained a bachelor's degree and then attended the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis, where he obtained a PhD with a dissertation on the affinity of halogen atoms with electrons. He studied coordination catalysis, activation of molecular hydrogen, and metalloporphyrins at the University of Manchester in England with Michael Polanyi with a Rockefeller Foundation grant, which introduced him to the interdisciplinary approach.
Calvin continued his work on the activation of hydrogen at Berkeley and began work on the colour of organic compounds, which led him to study the electronic structure of organic molecules. He focused on molecular genetics, suggesting that the stacking of nucleic acid bases in chromosomes requires hydrogen bonding. He worked on cobalt complexes during the Second World War, bonding reversibly with oxygen to produce an oxygen-generating apparatus for submarines or destroyers.
In the intermediate stages of photosynthesis, this helped him to recognise most of the chemical reactions-the mechanism in which carbon dioxide is converted into carbohydrates. "He discovered the" Calvin cycle, "in which the" dark "photosynthetic reactions are induced to produce oxygen by compounds formed in the" light "reactions that occur when chlorophyll absorbs light. He also observed the direction of oxygen in photosynthesis by using isotopic tracer methods.

Hence, the correct answer is (D) Chemistry.

Note:
The bioorganic group of Calvin eventually needed more space, so he designed the new Chemical Biodynamics Laboratory. In order to facilitate the interdisciplinary relationship he had carried out with his photosynthesis community at the old Radiation Laboratory, this circular building featured open laboratories and numerous windows but few walls.