Question

Match the names of the phytohormones with the roles listed.

List I	List II
A: Auxin	p: Internodal elongation
B: Gibberellin	q: Cell division
C: Cytokinin	r: ripening of fruits
D: Ethylene	s: Abscission
T: Apical dominance

A: A-t, B-p, C-s,D-q
B: A-t, B-p, C-q,D-s
C: A-t, B-p, C-q,D-r
D: A-t, B-s, C-p,D-q

Answer 1

Plant hormones are signal molecules produced by plants and found in extremely low amounts in the environment. Plant hormones regulate every element of plant development and growth, from embryogenesis to organ size regulation, pathogen defence, stress tolerance, and reproductive development. Hormones can be classified into distinct groups based on their chemical structures.

Complete explanation:
Option A: Auxin is a hormone that promotes apical dominance. Ethylene is a plant hormone that is released during fruit ripening and activates genes that produce the enzymes that cause the fruit to ripen. In genetically dwarf plant kinds like pea and maize, gibberellins cause internodal elongation. Cytokinins are plant growth hormones that regulate cell division in the root and shoot of plants.
So, option A is incorrect.
Option B: Cytokinins are plant growth hormones that control cell division in the plant's root and shoot. Abscisic acid is a plant growth hormone involved in seed dormancy and stress responses. In genetically dwarf plant kinds like pea and maize, gibberellins cause internodal elongation. Auxins aid in the formation of lateral and adventitious roots, as well as the control of flower bud development and vascular differentiation.
So, option B is incorrect.
Option C: Apical dominance occurs when the shoot apex prevents lateral buds from growing, allowing the plant to grow vertically. A hormone produced by the apical bud, auxin (IAA), suppresses the growth of lateral buds further down the stem, towards the axillary bud. Ethylene is a plant hormone released during fruit ripening that activates genes responsible for synthesising the enzymes that cause fruit to mature. Gibberellins cause internodal elongation in genetically dwarf plant varieties such as pea and maize. Cytokinins are plant growth hormones that control cell division in the plant's root and shoot in both vivo and in vitro.
So, option C is correct.
Option D: Cytokinins are plant growth hormones that control cell division in the plant's root and shoot in both vivo and in vitro. Abscisic acid is a plant growth hormone that has a role in seed dormancy and plant stress responses. Gibberellins cause internodal elongation in genetically dwarf plant varieties such as pea and maize. Auxins help to create lateral and adventitious roots, control flower bud development, and induce vascular differentiation.
So, option D is incorrect.

Hence, Option C is the correct answer

Note:
For their growth and development, plants require light, water, oxygen, minerals, and other nutrients. Plants rely on particular chemical chemicals to signal, regulate, and govern their growth in addition to these external requirements. Plant Growth Hormones are the aggregate name for these hormones. Plant growth hormones, often known as plant growth regulators, have the following properties:
Cell differentiation and elongation, leaf, flower, and stem formation, Fruit ripening, seed dormancy, and so on.