Question

Match the items given in column I with those in column II and select the correct options given below:
Column I Column II a) Tidal volume 1 2500-3000 ml b) Inspiratory reserve volume 2 1100-1200ml c) Expiratory reserve volume 3 500-550ml d) Residual volume 4 1000-1100ml A. A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3 B. A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4 C. A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1 D. A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2

Answer 1

Lungs volume usually measures the amount of air for a specific function, which can be measured by a spirometer, and lung capacities are the sum of 2 or more volumes, so various animals have distinct lung capacities.

Complete answer:
Tidal volume: It is the measure of the amount of air that is inspired and also expired during a normal breath. It is the amount of air which helps in and out of the lungs when there is normal respiration. On average this volume is about half a litre. It considers the functions of the respiratory centres, respiratory muscles and the mechanics of the lung and chest wall. Approximately it measures around 500ml of air in a healthy adult man. Therefore a person takes 6000-8000 ml air in a minute.
Inspiratory Reserve volume: This term means the additional volume which humans inspire while taking a long breath. It ranges from 2500-3000ml. It is the amount of air that can be forcibly inhaled after a normal respiratory cycle. It is a reserve volume which helps in the deep breathing.
Expiratory Reserve Volume: Whenever we exhale air beyond the normal capacity by exerting maximum force that extra amount of exhaled air is explained as expiratory reserve volume. It is calculated that the overall volume comes around 1000ml to 1100 ml.
Residual Volume: After releasing the air from the body some amount of air still remains in the lungs. Thus the amount of air still remaining in the lungs subsequent to energetic expiration is called residual volume. The approximate data ranges from 1100 to 1200 ml. It is the volume of air remaining in the lungs after forcible exhalation.

Therefore the correct answer is D.

Note:
Lung volumes and lung capacities is the volume of air in the lungs at distinct phases of the respiratory cycle and the average lung capacities of humans are about 30 to 60 breaths per minute at birth and it decreases to 12-20 breaths per minute in adults.