Question

Match the following columns

Column 1	Column 2
(1). Bleaching powder	(a). Sodium bicarbonate
(2). Baking soda	(b). Sodium carbonate
(3). Washing soda	(c). Calcium oxychloride
(4). Plaster of paris	(d). Calcium sulphate hemihydrate

A. $\left( 1 \right)\to c\text{, }\left( 2 \right)\to a,\text{ }\left( 3 \right)\to b,\text{ }\left( 4 \right)\to d$
B. $\left( 1 \right)\to a\text{, }\left( 2 \right)\to b,\text{ }\left( 3 \right)\to c,\text{ }\left( 4 \right)\to d$
C. $\left( 1 \right)\to b\text{, }\left( 2 \right)\to c,\text{ }\left( 3 \right)\to d,\text{ }\left( 4 \right)\to a$
D. $\left( 1 \right)\to d\text{, }\left( 2 \right)\to a,\text{ }\left( 3 \right)\to b,\text{ }\left( 4 \right)\to c$

Answer 1

We can see that column 1 has some common names of the compounds and column 2 has the chemical names of some compounds. So we have to match which compound has its chemical name as that shown in column 2.

Complete step by step solution:
-Let us discuss the options 1 by 1. The first compound is bleaching powder. We all know that Cl is a good bleaching agent. It is used to manufacture bleaching powder. Bleaching powder is prepared when chlorine reacts on dry slaked lime and the reaction can be shown as
$Ca{{\left( OH \right)}_{2}}+C{{l}_{2}}\to CaOC{{l}_{2}}+{{H}_{2}}O$
So, we can say that the formula for bleaching powder is $CaOC{{l}_{2}}$. Uses of bleaching powder include bleaching cotton and linen in textile industries, bleaching wood pulp in paper factories, bleaching washed clothes in laundry, as an oxidizing agent, for disinfecting drinking water.
-The second compound is baking soda. It is called sodium bicarbonate or sodium hydrogen carbonate. It is represented by the formula $NaHC{{O}_{3}}$and is commonly used in kitchens to make many things. It is produced with the help of sodium chloride. Reaction can be written as
$NaCl+N{{H}_{3}}+{{H}_{2}}O+C{{O}_{2}}\to NaHC{{O}_{3}}+N{{H}_{4}}Cl$
It is used to make baking powder which is a mixture of baking soda and tartaric acid. It is an ingredient in antacid. It is also used in soda-acid fire extinguishers.
-Next compound is washing soda. Its chemical formula is $N{{a}_{2}}C{{O}_{3}}.10{{H}_{2}}O$. It is called sodium carbonate decahydrate. Anhydrous sodium carbonate $N{{a}_{2}}C{{O}_{3}}$is called soda ash. Washing soda is made by the process called the ammonia soda process. Raw materials needed for this are sodium chloride, limestone and ammonia. Reaction occurs in three steps which are
Step 1 : $NaCl+N{{H}_{3}}+{{H}_{2}}O+C{{O}_{2}}\to NaHC{{O}_{3}}+N{{H}_{4}}Cl$
Carbon dioxide required in this reaction is obtained by the following method
$CaC{{O}_{3}}\xrightarrow{heat}CaO+C{{O}_{2}}$
Step 2: $NaHC{{O}_{3}}\xrightarrow{heat}N{{a}_{2}}C{{O}_{3}}+{{H}_{2}}O+C{{O}_{2}}$
Step 3: Washing soda is obtained by crystallization of sodium carbonate.
$N{{a}_{2}}C{{O}_{3}}\left( s \right)+{{H}_{2}}O\to N{{a}_{2}}C{{O}_{3}}\left( aq \right)\xrightarrow{crystallization}N{{a}_{2}}C{{O}_{3}}.10{{H}_{2}}O$
Washing soda is used for washing clothes, detergent manufacturing, paper and paint industries.
-Plaster of Paris is a hemihydrate which means that one molecule of water is shared by 2 molecules of the anhydrous form of it which is nothing but calcium sulfate. So it is denoted as $CaS{{O}_{4}}.\frac{1}{2}{{H}_{2}}O\text{ or }{{\left( CaS{{O}_{4}} \right)}_{2}}.{{H}_{2}}O$ . It is prepared by heating gypsum and the reaction can be written as $2\left[ CaS{{O}_{4}}.2{{H}_{2}}O \right]\xrightarrow{373K,{{100}^{\circ }}C}{{\left( CaS{{O}_{4}} \right)}_{2}}.{{H}_{2}}O+3{{H}_{2}}O$
It is used in making casts for statues, as cement for making decorative items, in hospitals for plasters,etc.

**Therefore, the correct option is A. $\left( 1 \right)\to c\text{, }\left( 2 \right)\to a,\text{ }\left( 3 \right)\to b,\text{ }\left( 4 \right)\to d$

$$**Note:** The temperature should always be taken into account for preparing plaster of paris. If the temperature is not controlled, then anhydrous calcium sulfate will be formed instead of plaster of paris. It does not form a hard mass when mixed with water and so cannot be used in the applications where plaster of paris is required.$$