Question

Match the flowing and find the correct answer

I	II	III
a. Absorption phase	i. Assemblage of virions	p. Complementary receptor
b. Lytic phase	ii. Tail core is driven through bacterial cell wall	q. Eclipse period
c. Maturation phase	iii. Contact between phase parasite and bacterium	r. Lysozyme
d. Penetration phase	iv. Cell wall dissolution	s. Tail sheath

A. a-i-r, b-ii-s, c-iv-q, d-iii-p
B. a-iii-q, b-i-p, c-ii-r, d-iv-s
C. a-iii-p, b-iv-r, c-i-q, d-ii-s
D. a-iv-s, b-iii-p, c-i-r, d-ii-q

Answer 1

Viruses cannot reproduce or function outside the cells; they are completely dependent on a host cell to survive. Viruses can replicate themselves by taking away the reproductive machinery of the cells and making them reproduce the viral genetic material and structure.

Complete answer:
Viral replication is the formation of biological viruses during the infection process occurring in the host cell. They utilize the machinery and metabolism of the host cell to make multiple copies of themselves. There are different steps in viral replication including attachment, penetration, replication, assembly, and release.
-Attachment or absorption takes place between the viral particle and the host cell membrane for entering into the cell so proteins on the surface of the virus interact with the proteins present on the cell surface. Viruses use complementary receptors to enhance viral entry.
-The lytic phase also refers to the reproductive phase, it destroys the infected cell and breaks down the wall of a bacterial cell with the help of the enzyme lysozyme.
-In the maturation phase, new virions are created. Virions are basically complete, an infective form of the virus outside the host cell with a core of RNA and a capsid. Eclipse period (it is the period of time between infection by a virus and the appearance of the mature virus within the cell).
-In the penetration phase of viral replication, there is a contraction of the tail sheath which serves as a hypodermic needle to inject viral genetic material through the bacterial cell wall and membrane. While the phage head and other components remain outside the bacteria.

Hence, the correct answer is option (C).

Note: All viruses depend on the host cell for their reproduction as well as for their metabolic processes. Viruses can only affect certain species of host and only certain cells within that host.