Question

Match list A and list B and choose the correct option.

(a)	Citrus canker	(i)	Fungi
(b)	Spongiform encephalopathy	(ii)	prion
(c)	Herpes	(iii)	virus
(d)	Red rot	(iv)	bacteria

A. a -i, b-ii, c-iii, d-iv
B. a-ii, b-iii, c-iv, d-i
C. a-iv, b-ii, c-iii, d-i
D. a-i, b-iii, c-ii, d-iv

Answer 1

Infectious disease caused by pathogens, namely bacteria, fungi, protozoa, worms, viruses, and even infectious proteins called prions. Microorganisms of all types should have frameworks for penetrating their host and escaping immediate destruction by the human immune response.

Complete answer:
Citrus canker, caused by bacteria of Xanthomonas citri subsp. Citri species affects the leaves, twigs, and fruit of the citrus plant, forcing the leaves to drop and also the unripe fruit to fall. All types of citrus are infected with the virus. Citrus canker -Spongiform encephalopathies are a group of progressive, invariably fatal conditions that affect the brain (encephalopathies) and central nervous of many animals, including humans, cattle, and sheep. Mental and physical abilities deteriorate, and several tiny holes appear in the cortex, making it look like a sponge when brain tissue acquired by autopsy is analyzed underneath a microscope.
-Herpes seems to be the product of Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. This leads to sores or blisters to develop in and around the lips or genitals.
-Red rot is caused by increased storing or subjected to elevated relative humidity, air contamination, and extreme temperatures. Red rot occurs, in particular, at high pH of 4.2 to 4.5. Sulfur dioxide is converted to sulphuric acid, which forms peroxide of hydrogen. Peroxide blends with residual tannins in the leather to oxidize protein, to produce ammonium sulphate and ammonium bisulfate. The red rot, caused by the Colletotrichum falcatum fungus, first draws attention by the yellowing and rotting of the leaf, and finally, a whole plant expires.
So, the correct option is (C).

Note: The term prion is derived from the phrase proteinaceous infectious particle. The hypothesized function of the protein as an opportunistic infection is in comparison to all of the other established pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites, each of which contains nucleic acids (DNA, RNA, or both).