Question

Master gland of the body is……….
(a) Pituitary gland
(b) Adrenal gland
(c) Thyroid gland
(d) None of the above

Answer 1

A gland is an organ that facilitates the secretion of substances to perform a specific function. The secretion takes place in the bloodstream or the cavities inside the body or outside its surface. Glands are of two types which include the endocrine and exocrine gland.

Complete answer:
The master gland of the body is the pituitary gland. It is an endocrine gland that is pea-sized and is present at the bottom of the hypothalamus at the base of the brain. It consists of two lobes which are the anterior and posterior lobes with an intermediate lobe that joins the two regions. The anterior pituitary is presented at the oral ectoderm which arises from the invagination of it. The cells of the anterior pituitary are controlled by the regulatory hormones which get released from the parvocellular neurosecretory cells that are present in the hypothalamic capillaries. The posterior lobe is synthesized by cell bodies in the hypothalamus and develops as an extension of the hypothalamus from the third ventricle.

Additional information:
Adrenal gland: It is an endocrine gland that is produced by a variety of hormones and is found above the Kidneys. It is composed of an outer cortex that produces steroid hormones and an inner medulla. It secretes several hormones that get metabolized by the enzymes that are present within the gland or other parts of the body and are involved in several essential biological functions.
Thyroid gland: The thyroid is an endocrine gland present in the neck consisting of two lobes connected. The thyroid is located at Adam’s Apple which is present in the front side of the neck. It secretes some hormones such as triiodothyronine, thyroxine, and peptide hormone. It influences Protein synthesis and metabolic rate. The thyroid gland helps with the growth of an organism and development in children.

So, the correct answer is 'Pituitary gland'.

Note:
The removal of the pituitary gland can make the organism not able to reproduce and not able to grow properly with many other bodily functions that wouldn't be able to function. The condition of non-working of the pituitary gland or the failure of the pituitary gland is known as hypopituitarism.