Question

Mammalian prolactin is secreted by
(a) Adenohypophysis
(b) Neurohypophysis
(c) Adrenal cortex
(d) Adrenal medulla

Answer 1

This is also known as the anterior pituitary. This lobe of the pituitary gland is responsible for the regulation of stress, growth, reproduction, and lactation. The pituitary gland is present at the base of the brain.

Complete answer:
Mammalian prolactin is secreted by the adenohypophysis. The adenohypophysis causes the breast to grow and make milk during pregnancy and after birth. The prolactin is also known as luteotropic and is a protein that is present in humans. The hormone prolactin enables mammalian females to produce milk. The adenohypophysis is also known as the anterior pituitary. Together with the posterior lobe, it helps the pituitary gland to regulate several physiological processes in our body. These physiological processes include reproduction, growth, stress, and lactation.
-Adenohypophysis secretes different hormones such as growth hormone (GH), corticotropin (ACTH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and prolactin (PRL).
-The prolactin causes the growth and development of breasts in females and is also responsible for the synthesis of milk after a baby is born.
-In men, excess secretion of prolactin can cause the production of breast milk and can lead to lower sex drive and erectile dysfunction (ED).
-Neurohypophysis is the structural foundation of a neuro-humoral system that coordinates fluid balance and reproductive function throughout the action of two peptide hormones vasopressin and oxytocin.
-The principal endocrine regulator of the renal water excretion is the vasopressin which facilitates adapted physiological responses to maintain plasma volume and osmolality.
-Adrenal cortex is the outer region and the largest part of the adrenal gland that is responsible for producing specific hormones.
-The adrenal cortex is separated into three zones which are zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculata, and zona reticularis.
-The adrenal gland is the suprarenal gland and a triangular-shaped gland which is located on top of both the Kidneys and produces a hormone that regulates metabolism and other essential functions. -It is composed of two parts which is the cortex and the medulla which are responsible for producing different hormones.
-The adrenal medulla is located inside the adrenal cortex inside the center of an adrenal gland which produces stress hormones that include adrenaline.

So, the correct answer is 'Adenohypophysis'.

Note:
-Prolactin is done in the assessment of fertility concerns or amenorrhea.
-The level of prolactin increases throughout the pregnancy and remains high and just after childbirth. -Prolactin is present in small amounts in men and non-pregnant women.