Question

Low $C{a^{ + + }}$ in the body fluid may be the cause of
A. Gout
B. Tetany
C. Anaemia
D. Angina pectoris

Answer 1

Low content of calcium ions in the body causes rapid spasm in the muscles, and also causes muscle cramps. It can also occur due to deficiency of vitamin D or due to hypoparathyroidism.

Complete answer: Tetany is a rapid spasm or wild contractions in the muscle tissue caused due to low calcium ions in the body fluid. Decreased calcium leads to the opening of sodium gated channels without any stimulus. It leads to muscular twitching, cramps, etc. It can also be due to vitamin D-deficiency which reduces calcium uptake from the digestive tract or due to hypoparathyroidism due to which there is no mobilization of calcium from bones.
a) Gout: It is caused due to the deposition of uric acid in the joints and causes inflammation.
b) Anaemia is a condition in which the RBC count or the haemoglobin content of the blood gets lower down and affects the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.
c) In angina pectoris, due to reduced blood flow to the heart, there is chest pain.
So, the correct answer is option B.

Note: Parathyroid hormone plays a significant role in calcium balance in the body along with TCT. PTH increases calcium levels in the blood (hypercalcemic hormone) in the following ways:
i. By promoting absorption of calcium from food in the intestine.
ii. Reabsorption of calcium from nephrons in the kidneys.
iii. By promoting the release of calcium from the bone matrix into the blood.