Question

List the main differences between mitosis and meiosis.

Answer 1

The cells are divided and reproduction happens in two ways.They are mitosis and meiosis.In mitosis the parent cell DNA replicates into two daughter cells.In meiosis the parent cell DNA replicates into two daughter cells which in turn replicate into two daughter cells each.

Complete Answer:

| MEIOSIS| MITOSIS
---|---|---
Where does it occur?| In humans animals and plants| In all organisms
Gene Type| Different| Similar or Identical
Chromosomes| Mixing of chromosomes occurs here.| No mixing or crossing occurs here
Homologal Pairing| yes| no
Number of Division| 2| 1
Number of chromosomes| Reduced by half| Remains the same
Number of daughter cells| 4 haploid cells(single copy of chromosome)| 2 diploid cells(copy of two chromosome)
Discovered by| Oscar Hertwig| Walther Flemming
Steps| Meiosis1: prophase1, metaphase1, anaphase1, telophase 1Meiosis2: prophase2, metaphase2, anaphase2, telophase2| prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase.
Types of cells involved| Sex cells or gametes| Somatic cells
Reproduction| Sexual reproduction| Asexual reproduction
Function| Genetic diversity happens through seual reproduction| Cellular reproduction and growth of the body occurs.

Note: Few similarities: Both meiosis and mitosis take place in the nucleus.They both are involved in cell division.The phases are same in both.
The steps of mitosis are controlled by gene numbers carefully and are more critical in nature.It leads to health issues like cancer when not regulated correctly.Whereas in mitosis the process ensures the presence of same number of chromosomes from both the parents.The number of chromosome is reduced to half in meiosis from 46 to 23 to form egg and sperm cells which in turn gets fertilized and the resulting embryo will have 23 chromosome from each.