Question

Lining of alveoli, Bowman’s capsule or descending limb of loop of Henle are lined by
A) Pavement epithelium
B) Columnar epithelium
C) Cuboidal epithelium
D) Pseudo stratified epithelium

Answer 1

Hint:- A tissue is a group of cells that perform the same function and structurally similar. A group of tissues forms an organ. All the organs form a system and work together in a healthy functioning body. Tissues can be divided into epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous. Epithelial tissue can be further divided into- lining epithelium and glandular epithelium.

Complete step-by-step solution:- Epithelial tissue can be classified as simple epithelium when the cells are arranged in a single layer. The cells can perform functions such as osmosis and diffusion etc. Simple epithelium can be categorized into four types. Pavement epithelium/ simple epithelium lines the alveoli in the lungs, Bowman’s capsule in the kidney,heart, blood vessels. They help in the process of filtration (in kidneys) or diffusion (in alveoli). Columnar epithelium can be ciliated or nonciliated. The ciliated type is found in the lining of the fallopian tubes, the upper respiratory tract. The presence of cilia helps with ciliary action. Non-ciliated type lines the gastrointestinal tract and the gallbladder. This one takes part in absorption and secretion processes. Cuboidal epithelium has a cube-like shape. The line small ducts in certain glands, ovaries, and eye lenses. These cells are involved in the absorption of certain important substances. In Pseudostratified epithelium, a single layer of cells is arranged in such a manner that they appear stratified. This tissue lines the upper respiratory tract.
The answer to the question is the option (A). Pavement epithelium lines the alveoli, Bowman’s capsule,and descending loop of Henle.

Note:- Histology involves the study of tissues. While histopathology involves the study of diseased tissues. Due to extreme stress, epithelial cell type may change from one type to another, this is known as metaplasia. As seen in the case of Barrett's esophagus. The squamous epithelium type changes to columnar epithelium.