Question

Kala-azar is transmitted by:
A) Phlebotomus/sandfly
B) Glossina/tsetse fly
C) Pediculus
D) Aedes

Answer 1

Kala-azar, otherwise called leishmaniasis, is a parasitic disease, which influences poor communities and causes significant health issues, social and economic impact.

Complete answer:
Kala-azar is transmitted to humans by the bites of infected female sandflies. In India, Leishmania donovani is the main parasite causing this illness.

It is the most serious type of leishmaniasis and, without appropriate analysis and treatment, is related with high fatality. Leishmaniasis is an illness brought about by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania.

The parasite moves to the organs, for example, the liver, spleen and bone marrow, and, whenever left untreated, will quite often bring about the death of the host. Signs and manifestations incorporate fever, weight reduction, weakness, frailty, and considerable expanding of the liver and spleen.

Humans develop visceral leishmaniasis, the most average indications are fever and the spleen enlargement, with enlargement of the liver now and then being viewed also. The darkening of the skin that gave the illness its basic name in India doesn't show up in many strains of the disease, and different indications are extremely simple to confuse with those of malaria. Misdiagnosis is dangerous, as without a proper treatment the death rate for kala-azar is near 100%. L. donovani itself isn't generally the immediate reason for death in kala-azar victims.

Therefore, the correct answer is option A, i.e. Phebotomus/sandfly.

Note: Pneumonia, tuberculosis, and dysentery are ubiquitous in the immuno-discouraged regions where leishmaniasis flourishes, and, similarly as with AIDS, it is these opportunistic infections that are more likely to take lives, erupting in a host whose invulnerable system has been debilitated by the L. donovani infection.