Question

Jumping genes in maize were discovered by

• A. Hugo de Vries
• B. Barbara McClintock
• C. T H Morgan
• D. Mendel

Answer 1

Answer: (B)

Barbara McClintock

Answer 2

Jumping genes' or movable genetic elements were discovered by 'Barbara McClintock' (1902-92) in maize. These 'controlling elements' could move from one location to another on the chromosome. Barbara McClintock got the Nobel Prize for these genetic elements (Ds $=$ Dissociation gene, Ac $=$ Association gene) which can jump to any chromosome from their original location on chromosome. The term 'transposon' was introduced by R W Hedges and A E Jacob (1974) to these genetic element (jumping gene). Hugo de Vries introduced the term 'mutation', in connection with the studies on Oenothera lamarckiana (evening primrose). His theory is known as mutation theory. T H Morgan proposed the 'gene theory' (linkage of genes) and crossing over. Gregor Johann Mendel (1822-1884) is known as the 'father of genetics'. The first scientific study leading to formulation of laws: of inheritance was carried out by Mendel.