Question

IUPAC name of complex ${K_3}\left[ {Al{{\left( {{C_2}{O_4}} \right)}_3}} \right]$ is:
A. Potassium aluminum-oxalate
B. Potassium trioxalatoaluminate(III)
C. Potassium aluminium (III) oxalate
D. Potassium trioxalatoaluminate(VI)

Answer 1

We can define the coordination complex as a compound that consists of a central atom (ion) that is metallic and is known as the coordination centre. It is surrounded by array bound molecules (or) ions called as ligands (or) complexing agents. Transition metals are coordination complexes. A coordination complex whose center has a metal atom is known as a metal complex of d block element.

Complete step by step answer:
We can define complex structures as compounds that are made of a central metal ion bounded by molecules or ions called ligands. These ligands are attached to the central metal ion through coordinate covalent bonds. The central metal ion contains a positive charge. The ligands are rich with lone pairs of electrons. These electrons are donated to the metal ion in order to reduce the positive charge on the metal ion. This type of bonding is known as a coordinate bond.
Rules for naming the complex:
1. The ligands are named first, followed by the name of the metal atom or ion. A Roman numeral in parentheses denotes the oxidation number of the central metal ion.
2. Neutral ligands, such as ${H_2}NC{H_2}C{H_2}N{H_2}$ (ethylenediamine) have the same name as the molecule, except for ${H_2}O$ (aqua),$N{H_3}$ (ammine), $CO$ (carbonyl), and $NO$ (nitrosyl).
3. Anionic ligands end in -o; for anions that end in -ide (such as chloride), -ate (such as sulfate), and -ite (such as nitrite), change the endings as -ide, -ido, ate, -ato, ite, -ito.
${C_2}{O_4}$ is the oxalate ligand.
If the complex ion is an anion, we have to drop the metal atom name, and add suffix –ate. Aluminum is a negative ion in the given compound, therefore the name will be aluminate.
In the given compound ${K_3}\left[ {Al{{\left( {{C_2}{O_4}} \right)}_3}} \right]$, the charge on potassium atom is +1, since we can see three potassium atoms. Therefore, the overall charge is +3.
The overall charge on $Al{\left( {{C_2}{O_4}} \right)_3}$ is -3. The oxalate group has a charge of -2. The oxidation state on aluminum is +3. Therefore, the IUPAC name of the complex is ${K_3}\left[ {Al{{\left( {{C_2}{O_4}} \right)}_3}} \right]$ is potassium trioxalatoaluminate(III).

So, the correct answer is Option B .

Note:
We also know that the coordination compounds contain specific colours. Therefore, they are used in industries for intense colourations. Phthalocyanine is a class of coordination complexes that the dyes and pigments industry use.
EDTA is another complex compound that is used for determining the hardness of water. Coordination compounds could also be used as catalysts. These days, they are used in the polymer industry. Coordination compounds can be used in the extraction of metals from their ores. Extraction of nickel and cobalt by hydro-metallurgical processes requires a lot of complex ions.