Question

Is $HCl$ and $NaCl$ a buffer solution?

Answer 1

A solution that will resist any sort of change in its pH even when you add a small amount of acid or base to it is called a buffer solution or one can say the buffers will maintain a stable pH value. In real life examples whenever we want to maintain the pH, we use the buffer solutions like in case of personal and cosmetic products or in shampoos so that our skin is not damaged.

Complete answer:
One thing to be noted is that there is always a weak component present whenever you study a buffer solution.
There are generally 2 types of buffer solutions-Acidic and Basic buffer
1.Acidic Buffer-Made up of weak acid and a salt that is made up of weak acid and strong base
Examples- Acetic Acid is a weak acid and sodium acetate is a salt made up of weak acetic acid and strong base sodium hydroxide.
$C{H_3}COOH + C{H_3}COONa$ where $C{H_3}COONa$ is made up of $C{H_3}COOH + NaOH$
Carbonic acid is a weak acid and Potassium Carbonate is a salt of weak carbonic acid and strong potassium hydroxide.
${H_2}C{O_3} + {K_2}C{O_3}$where ${K_2}C{O_3}$is made up of ${H_2}C{O_3} + KOH$
2.Basic buffer- Made up of weak base and a salt that is made up of weak base and strong acid
Examples-Ammonium Hydroxide is a weak base and its salt Ammonium chloride is made up of weak Ammonium hydroxide and strong Hydrochloric Acid.
$N{H_4}OH + N{H_4}Cl$ where $N{H_4}Cl$ is made up of $N{H_4}OH + HCl$
Ammonium Hydroxide is a weak base and its salt Ammonium sulphate is a salt made up of weak Ammonium hydroxide and strong Sulphuric Acid.
$N{H_4}OH + {(N{H_4})_2}S{O_4}$ where ${(N{H_4})_2}S{O_4}$ is made up of $N{H_4}OH + {H_2}S{O_4}$
Given in the Question we have a combination of strong Acid $HCl$ and a salt of Strong acid and strong base $NaCl(HCl + NaOH)$ thus this combination cannot act as a buffer since we always need a weak component.

Note:
The most interesting fact about blood is that it contains a buffer solution to maintain a constant pH value of 7.4 , so even if you eat something acidic or basic it will not be disturbing your normal body ph. The buffer solution in blood is made up of Carbonic acid $({H_2}C{O_3})$ and Bicarbonate Anion$(HC{O_3}^ - )$.