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Physics Question on Nuclei

Ionization power and penetration range of radioactive radiation increases in the order

A

λ,β,α  and λ,β,α\lambda, \beta, \alpha \, \, and \, \lambda, \beta, \alpha respectively

B

λ,β,α  and α,β,λ\lambda, \beta, \alpha \, \, and \, \alpha, \beta, \lambda respectively

C

α,β,λ  and α,β,λ\alpha, \beta, \lambda \, \, and \, \alpha, \beta, \lambda respectively

D

α,β,λ  and λ,β,α\alpha, \beta, \lambda \, \, and \, \lambda, \beta, \alpha respectively

Answer

λ,β,α  and α,β,λ\lambda, \beta, \alpha \, \, and \, \alpha, \beta, \lambda respectively

Explanation

Solution

Because of large mass and large velocity, α\alpha-particles have large ionising power. Each α\alpha-particle produces thousands of ions before being absorbed. The β\beta-particles ionise the gas through which they pass, but their ionising power is only 1100\frac{1}{100} th that of α\alpha-particles. γ\gamma-rays have got small ionising power.
Because of large mass, the penetrating power of α\alpha-particles is very small, it being 1/1001 / 100 times that to β\beta-rays and 1/100001 / 10000 times that of γ\gamma-rays. α\alpha-particles can be easily stopped by an Aluminium sheet, only 0.020.02 mm thick. β\beta-particles have very small mass, so their penetrating power is large. γ\gamma-rays have very large penetrating power.