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Question: Inductive effect (\[+I\]) is shown by: a.) \[-C{{H}_{3}}\] b.) \[-Br\] c.) \[-Cl\] d.) \[-N{...

Inductive effect (+I+I) is shown by:
a.) −CH3-C{{H}_{3}}
b.) −Br-Br
c.) −Cl-Cl
d.) −NO2-N{{O}_{2}}

Explanation

Solution

For checking inductive effect we have to check difference between electronegativity of bonded atoms. Then we will find which will have the tendency to donate electrons. And +I is known as a positive inductive effect.

Complete step by step answer:
We know that inductive effect refers to the phenomenon where a permanent dipole arises in a given molecule due to the unequal sharing of the bonding electrons in the molecule.
There are two types of inductive effect: Negative inductive effect or -I effect and Positive inductive effect +I effect
Positive inductive effect refers to electron releasing tendency of functional groups. When a chemical species with the tendency to release or donate electrons is introduced to a carbon chain, the charge is relayed through the chain and this effect is called the Positive Inductive Effect or the +I Effect
Example: alkyl, aryl, metals, etc.

Negative inductive effect refers to electron accepting tendency of functional groups. When an electronegative atom the resulting unequal sharing of electrons generates a positive charge which is transmitted through the chain.
So, in this question−CH3-C{{H}_{3}} shows positive inductive effect and other shows negative inductive effect. So, the correct answer is “Option A”.

Note: Inductive effect can arise in sigma bonds, whereas the electromeric effect can only arise in pi bonds. This inductive effect depends on the chain from which a compound is attached.