Question

Individual with a karyotype of 45 chromosomes 44 autosome and one sex chromosome have been found to suffer from an abnormality called as female dysgenesis or
A. Down syndrome
B. Turner syndrome
C. Klinefelter’s syndrome
D. Testicular feminization

Answer 1

This is related with the chromosomal disorder. The chromosomal disorder is generally caused when any chromosome is absent or excess or they are abnormally arranged.
Chromosomal disorder occurs when some error occurs in cell division i.e., meiosis and mitosis. There are different types of chromosomal disorders in human beings. This can be divided into two basic groups i.e., numerical and structural disorders.

Complete answer:
Turner syndrome occurs when there is chromosomal abnormality in all X chromosomes or any part of it is missing or may be altered. Normal females have 46 chromosomes but the females suffering from Turner syndrome have 45 chromosomes. The chromosomal abnormality sometimes present only in some cells. Turner syndrome has 45 X or 45 or may be X0 and it is a genetic condition in which a X chromosome is partly or completely missing in a female.
Turner syndrome is not always inherited, sometimes it occurs when the formation of reproductive cells in the parent takes place and when the cell division occurs during development.

Additional information:
We can detect this Turner syndrome with the help of amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling during pregnancy. Karyotype is also a test which is known as chromosome analysis, which detects the chromosomal composition in any person.

So the correct option is Turner syndrome.

Note: Turner syndrome shows different features due to lack of pseudoautosomal regions. In almost all cases where monosomy occurs, the X chromosome comes from the mother. This may result due to nondisjunction in the father. Isochromosome X or ring chromosome comes from both the parents.