Question

____________ includes all the changes that an organism undergoes during its life cycle, from seed germination to senescence.
a) Growth
b) Differentiation
c) Dedifferentiation
d) Development

Answer 1

During the whole cycle of the plant from the point of germination to senescence it undergoes various growth. This growth includes the differentiation, dedifferentiation, maturation, flowering, and many more crucial events that occur in the life of a plant.

Complete answer:
The process of the development of the plant includes all the changes that occur during the life cycle of the plant. The whole process includes the start from the germination of the seed, which then turns into sampling and then grows more to turn into a small plant. This plant further grows to form the flowering body of the plant which helps in the reproduction of the plant. Then comes the stage of fruiting. Fruiting leads to the formation of seed by which further new plants are germinated. The parent plant then reaches an age where it doesn’t reproduce or produce fruits. This leads to the phase of senescence. Various factors help in the growth and development of the plant. The intrinsic factors include hormonal and genetic factors. The extrinsic factors include light, temperature, water, oxygen, and nutrients. Differentiation in the plants leads to the structural changes that occur in the plant. Differentiation occurs in the roots and stem of the plant which leads to their maturation. When some cells lose their ability to divide and then start to divide again then that situation is known as dedifferentiation.

So, the correct answer is ‘development’.

Note:
Proper care, a good amount of the nutrients available from the soil, ample amount of sunlight and a good amount of water are the main essential components needed for the proper development of any plant. If any of the factors are missing or are not available then the plant suffers. The plant may get infected from various types of diseases or may get destroyed due to the attack of pests.