Question

In which of the following all four types of bonds, i.e., Ionic; Covalent; Dative and hydrogen bonds are present?
(A) Ice
(B) $BeS{O_4}.4{H_2}O$
(C) $CuS{O_4}.5{H_2}O$
(D) $BaC{l_2}.2{H_2}O$

Answer 1

In order to find in which compounds all the four bonds namely ionic, covalent, dative and hydrogen bonds are present, we must know about the chemical bonds and different types of bonds present.

Complete step by step answer:
Let us first understand about the chemical bond. Chemical bond is the attractive force which holds various atoms, ions together and stabilizes them. This attractive force leads to the formation of chemical compounds.
Chemical bonds are classified into different types.
- Covalent bond
This type of bond is formed by the mutual sharing of the electrons between two atoms or ions. This bond is referred to as the covalent bond.
- Ionic bond:
This type of bond is formed by the electrostatic force of attraction between positively and negatively charged species. Here the positively charged species is called cation and the negatively charged species is called anion.
- Hydrogen bond
This is a type of bond like the polar covalent bond which is formed between the hydrogen and oxygen atom. Hydrogen bond is a very weak bond.
- Dative bond:
Dative bond is also known as the coordination covalent bond.
Let us now move onto the given question.
The chemical compound $CuS{O_4}.5{H_2}O$ will exist as ${[Cu{({H_2}O)_4}]^{2 + }}SO_4^{2 - }.{H_2}O$.
- In ${[Cu{({H_2}O)_4}]^{2 + }}$ , there exists a dative bond between water molecules and Copper.
The ionic bond exists between ${[Cu{({H_2}O)_4}]^{2 + }}$ coordination sphere and $SO_4^{2 - }$ ions.
The covalent bond exists between sulphur and oxygen in $SO_4^{2 - }$.
The hydrogen bond will exist within the water molecules. The correct answer is option “C” .

Note: We have to remember that covalent bonding is of two types. They are polar covalent bonding and nonpolar covalent bonding. In the polar covalent bonding, the electrons are shared unequally between the atoms. In non-polar covalent bonding, the electrons are equally shared between the two atoms equally.