Question

In which ‘Assisted Reproductive Technology’ (ART), test tube baby procedure is applied.
A. Gamete intrafallopian transfer
B. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection
C. In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer
D. Zygote intrafallopian transfer

Answer 1

ART, also known as assisted reproductive technique is used to treat infertility problems. Many procedures are involved with this process pertaining to different situations. Here, the process of handling both eggs and embryos are done. It involves removing eggs from a woman's body and mixing with the sperms to make embryos.

Complete answer:

Gamete intrafallopian transfer: It is also denoted as (GIFT). This method involves using multiple eggs that are collected from ovaries. There is a thin tube where the eggs are placed along with the sperm. Then the fusion of egg and sperm are injected in the fallopian tube surgically by the technique of laparoscopy.

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection: It is an in vitro fertilization procedure where a single sperm is taken and injected into cytoplasm of an egg. Here, powerful microscopes and advanced equipment are being used.

Invitro fertilization and embryo transfer: IVF or in vitro transfer is the first part wherein removal of a woman's egg from her ovaries is done and then it is fertilized with sperm in the laboratories. After this the process of embryo transfer is done which is the last part of IVF procedure.

Zygote intrafallopian transfer. It is also called (ZIFT). This procedure combines both techniques of IVF and GIFT. First of all egg collection is done via IVF methods. The sperm and eggs are then mixed together. Then the fertilized egg also called the zygote is returned back to fallopian tubes which can be further carried to the uterus. Therefore, zygote implants in the uterus and then develops into a fetus.
The test tube baby procedure is applied by In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.

Hence, the correct answer is option (C).

Note: There are many benefits of the IVF. It definitely works when other infertility treatments fail. It can prevent miscarriages and help people conceive. It is proven safe by the scientists and doctors. However, IVF treatments are very expensive. Their success rate depends from person to person according to different situations. Its side effects are seen in some patients where there are severe complications like risk of ectopic pregnancy.