Question

In the process of respiration,
A. ADP is converted to ATP.
B. Glucose is converted to carbon dioxide
C. Glucose is converted to carbon dioxide and water releasing energy.
D. Pyruvic acid is converted to ATP.

Answer 1

All the living organisms, including plants, need energy for growth and development. The plant undergoes certain chemical reactions to produce energy such as respiration. It is both an aerobic and anaerobic process but in plants, it is an aerobic process that involves products of photosynthesis, to produce energy for plant growth and development.

Complete answer:
The breakdown of carbon bonds of complex compounds, through oxidation in the cell, which leads to energy production is called Respiration. It takes place in the mitochondria of the cell. The compounds that are oxidized in this process is called respiratory Substrate. The first option stated is incorrect, because in the process of respiration the ATP is converted into ADP and a free phosphate group. The conversion of ATP to ADP is catalyzed by the enzyme ATPase. The second option is wrong because glucose converts to carbon dioxide and water and not only carbon dioxide. The third option is correct because glucose is converted into carbon dioxide and oxygen and also releases energy. And the pyruvic acid is converted into lactic acid, thus making the last option incorrect.
Thus, the right answer is Option C.
Additional Information:-
Respiration is the opposite reaction of photosynthesis. In respiration, the plants use glucose and oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water and also energy giving compounds. The plants do not have a specific organ for respiration, rather it takes place through the stomata in leaves, through the lenticels the roots, and also in the bark. Respiration is an important process in the plants because it helps in the carbon balance of individual cells and also produces energy. It also helps in nutrient absorption by the roots in the soil. The process of respiration takes place by a series of chemical reactions such as glycolysis and the TCA cycle and the phosphorylation process.

Note: Respiration also helps in the gaseous exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen. The rate of respiration depends on temperature, oxygen, and carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere, the availability of water and sugar. The energy released is not directly used by the plants. It is broken down and used in the time of necessity.