Question: In the long form of the periodic table, the valence shell electronic configuration of \[5{s^2}5{p^4}...

Question

In the long form of the periodic table, the valence shell electronic configuration of $5{s^2}5{p^4}$ corresponds to the elements present in
A. Group 16 and period 6
B. Group 17 and period 5
C. Group 16 and period 5
D. Group 17 and period 6

Answer 1

Solution

We must know that the electronic configuration of an element describes two things. First, the number of electron shells and another is the number of valence electrons in one atom of the element. And the electronic configuration of an atom directly relates to its position in the Modern Periodic Table.

Complete answer:
The electronic configuration provided in the question is $5{s^2}5{p^4}$ . So, from the electronic configuration, we can say that the principal quantum number of elements is 5 and the valence electrons are 6.
The principal quantum number of 5 corresponds to the fifth period of the modern periodic table and 6 valence electrons correspond to group 16 of the periodic table.
So, we can conclude that the electronic configuration provided in the question is the same as the electronic configuration of tellurium.
Atomic number of tellurium is 52 and its electronic configuration is as below:
$\left[ {Kr} \right]{\text{ }}4{d^{10}}5{s^2}5{p^4}$
We know the Tellurium element belongs to group 16 and lies in period 5.
So, the element is Tellurium ( $Te$ ).
Thus, we can conclude that in the long form of the periodic table, the valence shell electronic configuration of $5{s^2}5{p^4}$ corresponds to the elements present in group 16 and period 5.
Hence, the correct option is option C.

Note:
We need to have knowledge about determining principal quantum number and valence electrons as it will help to obtain the information of groups and periods in the modern periodic table. In the electronic configuration, n denotes the principal quantum number, and the value of n ranges starts from 1 to the shell containing the outermost electron of that atom. For example, cesium (Cs) have the outermost valence electron in the shell with energy level 6, so an electron in cesium can have an n value from 1 to 6.