Question

In the homeostatic control of blood sugar level, which organs function respectively as modulator and effector?

A. Liver and Islet of Langerhans

B. Hypothalamus and Liver

C. Hypothalamus and Islet of Langerhans

D. Islet of Langerhans and Hypothalamus

Answer 1

Homeostatic control refers to the maintenance of the internal environment of an organism. A modulator is an organ that modulates the homeostasis and an effector is an organ that brings it into effect. The homeostatic control of the blood sugar levels is done by two hormones, glucagon, and insulin.

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Complete step by step answer:

Homeostatic control of blood sugar level: Homeostatic control of blood sugar level refers to the maintenance of the sugar levels in the blood. It is done by two hormones. These two hormones are Glucagon and Insulin. Both of these hormones are secreted by the cells of the Islet of Langerhans of the Pancreas. The secretion is controlled by the Hypothalamus. These hormones increase or decrease the blood sugar level. Thus, the Islet of Langerhans in the effector organ here and hypothalamus as an modulator organ. The conversion of the blood sugar into glycogen is done by the insulin hormone and this process is known as glycogenesis. It decreases blood sugar levels. The conversion of the glycogen into blood sugar is done by the glucagon hormone and this process is known as glycogenolysis. It increases blood sugar levels. Now both of these processes of glycogenesis and glycogenolysis occur in the Liver. Thus, the islet of Langerhans is the effector here. Hypothalamus and islets of langerhans act together to maintain the homeostatic control of blood sugar level in which hypothalamus act as modulator and islet of langerhans act as effector.

Thus, based on the above information we can conclude that in the homeostatic control of blood sugar level, the hypothalamus and Islet of Langerhans function as modulators and effectors respectively.

Hence, the correct answer is option (C).

Note: Homeostasis refers to a condition of the regulation of the internal environment of an organism by maintaining a stable and constant temperature and pH. Homeostasis is influenced by the external and internal conditions which are regulated by several different mechanisms. Some common examples of homeostasis in the body are the maintenance of the levels of the different chemicals and hormones, and the maintenance of the water level of the body. Also, thermoregulation, i.e., the maintenance of the temperature of the body is by homeostasis.