Question

In the given diagram of a section of hyaline cartilage, the different parts have been indicated by alphabets. Choose the answer in which these alphabets correctly match the parts they indicate.

a. A-Perichondrium; B-Chondrocyte; C-Lacuna; D-Capsular matrix
b. A-Blood vessel; B-Chondrocyte; C-Lacuna; D-Perichondrium
c. A-Matrix; B-Chondrocyte; C-Lacuna; D-Perichondrium
d. A-Matrix; B-Lacuna; C-Chondrocyte; D-Capsular matrix

Answer 1

The flexible connective tissue that kept the joint motion fluid by the coating surface of the bones is called cartilage. It is smooth elastic tissue which is rubber-like in padding. It covers and protects the long bones. 65-80% of the water is present in the cartilage. It decreases with age in humans.

Complete answer:
The fluid-filled space that is present in the cartilage cell is the lacuna of cartilage. The components of the matrix are water, proteoglycans (carbohydrates and proteins), some lipids, collagen, proteins which are non-collagenous, and collagen fibers.

The mature cells are larger, rounded in shape but on few surfaces still, there are some projections which are known as chondrocytes. The perichondrium is the hyaline cartilages free surfaces that are covered by a fibrous membrane. It is not present in the fibrous cartilage.

Glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, collagen fibers, and elastin (sometimes) are the components of which the matrix is made. The holding purpose of open tubes in the body is served by the cartilage because it is rigid. For example – trachea rings like cricoid cartilage and carina.

Hence, the correct answer is option (C).

Additional information:
There are three types of cartilage:
- Elastic cartilage: It helps in maintaining and supporting the flexible body parts shape. For example – ears and larynx.
- Hyaline cartilage: It is a smooth transparent glassy cartilage that covers the bone surfaces ends. It decreases the joint friction. Articular cartilage is the common name of this cartilage.
- Fibrocartilage: It is a form of cartilage that is flexible, elastic, and tough as well as provides cushioning in joints.

Note: There are no blood vessels or nerves present in the cartilage. The compression and flexion of the tissues supply nutrients to the cartilage. The division of cells of cartilage has a very low turnover rate. If cartilage gets damaged or injured, then it is very difficult to repair it easily because the supply of blood is very less in the cartilage.