Question

In the following reaction ${\text{Mn}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{ + HCl }} \to {\text{ MnC}}{{\text{l}}_{{\text{2 }}}}{\text{ + }}{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O + C}}{{\text{l}}_{\text{2}}}$
Find
-Substance reduced
-Substance oxidized
-Oxidizing agent
-Reducing agent

Answer 1

Assign the oxidation number to all atoms. Oxidation is the loss of electrons while reduction is the gain of electrons. The substance which helps other species to get reduced and itself get oxidized is known as a reducing agent. While substance that helps other species to get oxidised and itself get reduced is known as oxidising agent

Complete Step by step answer: he redox reaction given to us is:
${\text{Mn}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{ + HCl }} \to {\text{ MnC}}{{\text{l}}_{{\text{2 }}}}{\text{ + }}{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O + C}}{{\text{l}}_{\text{2}}}$
Using the oxidation number rules we can calculate the oxidation number of all atoms in the given reaction as follows:
The oxidation number of oxygen is always -2 except in peroxide. In peroxide oxidation number of oxygen is -1.
Using this rule we can determine the oxidation number of ${\text{Mn}}$ in [{\text{Mn}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{ }}].
Oxidation number of ${\text{O}}$ =-2
So, Oxidation number of ${\text{Mn}}$ in ${\text{Mn}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{ }}$= +4
Oxidation number of hydrogen is always +1 except in metal hydride it is -1.
Oxidation number of chlorine is -1 in most of the compounds.
Oxidation number of ${\text{H}}$ in ${\text{HCl }}$ = +1
So, oxidation number of ${\text{Cl}}$ in ${\text{HCl }}$ = -1
As oxidation number of ${\text{Cl}}$is -1 so oxidation number of ${\text{Mn}}$ in ${\text{MnC}}{{\text{l}}_{\text{2}}}$ is +2.
Oxidation number of ${\text{H}}$ in ${{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}$ is +1 and oxidation number of ${\text{O }}$is -2.
Oxidation number of an element is zero so oxidation number of ${\text{Cl}}$ in ${\text{C}}{{\text{l}}_{\text{2}}}$ is 0.

Thus, in the given reaction ${\text{Mn}}$ is getting reduced from +4 to +2 and ${\text{Cl}}$ is getting oxidised from -1 to 0.
So,
The substance reduce is${\text{Mn}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}$
The substance oxidised is${\text{HCl }}$.
The substance that is reduced acts as an oxidising agent while a substance that is oxidised acts as a reducing agent.
Hence, Oxidising agent = ${\text{Mn}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}$
Reducing agent = ${\text{HCl }}$

Note: In the given reaction${\text{Mn}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}$ is getting reduced and oxidised ${\text{HCl }}$ so act as oxidising agent. While ${\text{HCl }}$is getting oxidised and reduced ${\text{Mn}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}$so act as reducing agent. To determine the species getting oxidised and reduced it is important to assign the oxidation number correctly.