Question

In the following reaction, ${\text{C}}{{\text{H}}_3}C{H_2}C{H_2}Br\xrightarrow{{NaCN}}X\xrightarrow{{{H_3}{O^ + }}}Y\xrightarrow[{{H^ + }}]{{C{H_3}C{H_2}OH}}Z$, identify X, Y and Z.
A.
B. $C{H_3}C{H_2}C{H_2}CH = NOC{H_2}C{H_3}$
C. $C{H_3}C{H_2}C{H_2}CH{\left( {OC{H_2}C{H_3}} \right)_2}$
D.

Answer 1

$C{H_3}C{H_2}CHBr$ is a halo alkane, going under a series of reactions to form an and product. It is a three step reaction involving substitution reaction, hydroxylation in presence of acidic medium and then esterification reaction.
Complete step by step answer: $C{H_3}C{H_2}CHBr$ is an haloalkane going through given steps of reaction.
Step I :- $C{H_3}C{H_2}CHBr$reacting with $NaCN.$ $NaCN$ is present as $N{a^ + }$and $^ - CN.{\;^ - }CN$is a nucleophile that attacks on the carbon of $C{H_3}C{H_2}CHBr$, proceeding with substitution reaction

Step II :- when this cyanide compound reacts with ${H_2}{O^ + }$ in presence of heat, it forms a carboxylic acid.

Step III :- Then, this carboxylic acid compound is treated with an alcohol, $C{H_3}C{H_2}OH$ in acidic medium. We know that the reaction of alcohol and carboxylic acid produces an ester by undergoing an esterification reaction.

The $IUPAC$ name of compound $z$ is Ethyl but anoate.
Ethyl but anoate is commonly used as an artificial flowering agent similar to orange juice. It is also used in alcoholic beverages like martinis. Ethyl butyrate is one of the most preferred fragrance and flavoring agents.
So, the correct answer is “Option D”.

Note: Esterification reaction in the question took place as shown below