Question

In the development of the human body, the ectoderm is responsible for the formation of
A. Sweat glands
B. Nervous system
C. Lens of the eye
D. All of the above

Answer 1

Three germ layers (the ectoderm, the mesoderm, and the endoderm) develop during gastrulation and give rise to different parts of the human body. The ectoderm is a type of germ layer which forms in an embryo during developmental stages. As the name suggests it covers the outside of the embryo. These layers then give rise to a number of both internal and external human body structures.

Complete answer:

The ectoderm differentiates to form epithelial tissue, central nervous system (spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and brain) and peripheral nervous system. It lines the body openings like mouth, anus, nostrils, and glands like mammary glands, pituitary glands and sweat glands, and also gives rise to the tooth enamel, skin, sensory epithelia of the ear, eye, and nose. Appendages like hair and nails also develop from ectoderm.
Endoderm cells give rise to various organs like the colon, the stomach, the intestines, the lungs, the liver, and the pancreas.
The mesoderm gives rise to the muscles like smooth muscle, skeletal muscles, connective tissues like blood vessels, bone, cartilage, joints, organ systems like endocrine glands, kidney cortex, heart muscle, urogenital organ, uterus, fallopian tube, testicles, and lymphatic tissue.

So option (D) is the correct option.

Note:
Cells in each germ layer differentiate into tissues and embryonic organs. Sponges develop from a single layer while cnidarians and coelenterates produce two germ layers (the ectoderm and endoderm) Thus they are called diploblastic. Chordates have a third layer (the mesoderm) between the ectoderm and endoderm layers and thus are called triploblastic.