Question
Question: In the compound \({C^1}{H_2} = {C^2} = {C^3}H = {C^4}{H_3}\), the hybridization of first, second car...
In the compound C1H2=C2=C3H=C4H3, the hybridization of first, second carbon atom is:
A)sp3−sp
B) sp2−sp3
C) sp2−sp
D) sp2−sp2
Solution
We know that,
Hybridization:
Hybridization is the idea that atomic orbitals combine to form new hybridized orbitals which in turn, influences molecular geometry and bonding properties.
We know that the electrons which are present at the outermost shell of an atom are called valence electrons and valency of an electron is the number of electrons in which atom accepts or donate to form a bond.
Complete step by step answer:
Given,
The molecular formula of the compound is,
C1H2=C2=C3H=C4H3
In this compound each of two electrons of the central atom forms collinear sp sigma bonds to the terminal sp2 hybridized carbons. The two remaining electrons of the central carbon occupy p orbitals and form pi bonds through an overlap of these p orbitals and the p orbitals of the terminal carbons.
Thus the First carbon is sp2 hybridized and second carbon is sp hybridized.
Therefore option C is correct.
Note: The sp Hybridization:
The sp hybridization is practical when one s and one p orbital in the same shell of an atom mix to form two new equivalent orbitals. The new orbitals formed are called sp hybridized orbitals. It forms linear molecules with an angle of 180∘. This hybridization is also called diagonal hybridization. Each sphybridized orbital has an equal amount of s and p character, i.e., 50% s and p character.
The sp2 Hybridization:
This hybridization is possible when one s and two p orbitals of the same shell of an atom mix to form three equivalent orbits. The new orbitals formed are called sp2 hybrid orbitals. It is also called trigonal hybridization. Each of the hybrid orbitals formed has 33.33% s character and 66.66% ‘p’ character.