Question

In the absence of acrosome, the sperm cannot:
a. Get food
b. Swim
c. Penetrate the egg
d. Gets energy

Answer 1

The sperms are produced in male mammals as a result of the process of spermatogenesis. In this process, the sperms are produced by the reductional division (meiosis) in somatic cells of males. The sperms are then made to fuse with the eggs of the female to form a zygote, which develops into a complete organism after the formation of embryo.

Complete answer:
The sperms are a male reproductive gamete which fertilizes with the female gamete called egg to form a zygote. The animals produce motile sperms which have a tail whereas in case of algae and fungi, they produce non-motile sperms. Sperms are formed during the process of spermatogenesis which takes place in the seminiferous tubules of testes. In this process, many sperm cells are produced from spermatogonia which differentiate into spermatocytes, which undergo meiosis to form spermatids. The spermatids then get matured to form sperms in which they form a sperm with tail, making it motile. The structure of sperm is shown below:

The sperms are basically divided into three parts namely head, middle piece and tail.

- The head consists of a dense cytoplasm in which the nucleus is present containing the genetic material in a highly coiled structure. At the starting of the head, a flattened sac like structure is present which is called acrosome. It has various enzymes which are used in penetrating the female egg during the process of fertilization.
-The middle piece is joined to head via neck. The middle piece contains a spiral shaped mitochondria which is the energy generation source of sperms in the form of ATP to swim. It also has an atypical and typical centriole.
-The last part of the sperm is the tail. It is responsible for the motility of the sperms which helps the sperms to swim through the female reproductive tract from cervix to uterus and uterine tubes to reach the egg.

Hence, the correct answer is option (C).

Note: The sperms have three basic roles in the fertilization process. First is the activation of the metabolically inactive oocyte to complete its meiosis. Secondly, it contains the male genetic material which fuses with the egg to fo9rm zygote. And third being the provision of centrioles for the formation of centrosomes and microtubules.