Question

In Rutherford experiment, most of the alpha particles go straight through the foil because
A.Alpha particles are much heavier than electron
B.Alpha particles are positively charged
C.Alpha particles move with high velocity
D.Most part of the atom is empty

Answer 1

In the given question firstly we have to define the dynamics and the facts of the rutherford experiment that he concluded by the result of the alpha particles that were found at the end of the foil. Now we know that the alpha particle is the positively charged particle and to change the course of the particle we need both the mass and the positive charge. That is done only by some portion.

Complete step by step answer:
Now firstly we have to explain the dynamics of the Rutherford reaction.
The most of the particles that were able to pass straight through the gold foil were alpha particles. These were positively charged.
There are various facts that support the argument :
There were few alpha particles that were deflected by the nuclei. They are either back or deflected to any one side were being repelled by nuclei, which is also positively charged due to the presence of protons.
This ultimately made the observation that most alpha particles passed straight through the gold foil. This in contrast gave inspiration to Rutherford to conclude that the positive charge in an atom is concentrated in a very small area, that was termed as nucleus.

Atoms are mostly empty space. Electrons, which are negatively charged, are distributed throughout this space but take up a very small part of it

So, the correct answer is Option D .

Note:
Rutherford overturned Thomson's model in $1911$ with his well-known gold foil experiment in which he demonstrated that the atom has a tiny and heavy nucleus. Rutherford designed an experiment to use the alpha particles emitted by a radioactive element as probes to the unseen world of atomic structure.