Question

In roots, lateral branches grow from
A. Epiblema
B. Pericycle
C. Cortex
D. Endodermis

Answer 1

The part of a plant that is developed under the ground and takes in water and minerals from the soil is known as roots. Here, lateral roots are produced from a cylinder of parenchyma or sclerenchyma cells that lies just inside the endodermis and it is the outermost part of the stele of plants.

Complete answer: The structure from where roots arise is a cylindrical cell also known as sclerenchyma cells that are located just in the endodermis, as well as it is the outermost part of the stele of plants. It is made up of non-vascular parenchyma cells. The pericycle is defined as the unique layer of cells located in plants. It is named due to its position as it encircles the vascular tissue in stems as well as in roots. In roots, it is covered by the inner cortical layer, that is the endodermis. It also gives rise to lateral branches in plants.
a) Epidermis with root hairs is termed as epiblema as well as a piliferous layer or rhizodermis. It is located in the root hair region of the root. Root hairs that are present are small, tubular, unicellular, and have epidermal outgrowths. They are helpful and take part in the absorption of water along with minerals in it.
b) In anatomy along with zoology, the cortex refers to the outermost or superficial layer of an organ. Organs that possess well-defined cortical layers include kidneys, adrenal glands, ovaries, the thymus, along with portions of the brain, as well as comprising the cerebral cortex, the best-known of all cortices.
c) The endodermis is termed to as the central and innermost layer of cortex in land plants. It is defined as a cylinder that is made up of compact living cells. The radial walls of which are impregnated with hydrophobic substances to limit the apoplectic flow of water to the inner part.
Hence, the correct answer is option B.

Note: In eudicots, pericycle also has the capacity to generate lateral roots. Branch roots are produced from these primary meristem tissues. In plants undergoing the second development stage, the pericycle contributes to the vascular cambium often diverging into cork cambium.