Chemistry Question on Organic Chemistry

Question

In Reimer - Tiemann reaction, phenol is converted into salicylaldehyde through an intermediate. The structure of intermediate is ______.

Answer 1

Solution

In the Reimer-Tiemann reaction, phenol reacts with chloroform (CHCl $_3$ ) and aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to form salicylaldehyde via the following mechanism:
Phenol undergoes ortho-substitution due to the electrophilic attack of dichlorocarbene (:CCl $_2$ ), generated in situ from CHCl $_3$ and NaOH.
The intermediate formed is the sodium salt of dichlorophenol.
On further hydrolysis and protonation, salicylaldehyde is obtained.
The reaction proceeds as:
explanation 70