Question

In plant tissue culture, the callus tissues can be regenerated into complete plantlets primarily by altering the concentration of
(A) Sugars
(B) Vitamins
(C) Amino acids
(D) Hormones

Answer 1

The plant tissue culture is the group of techniques in which the plants cells, tissues or the organs are grown under sterile conditions by the application of the nutrient growth medium. In this process it is possible to grow the whole plant from the single cell.

Complete answer:
In the plant tissue culture, first the growth medium is produced. It consists of the agar and the several nutrients for the growth of the tissues. It must be sterilized to remove all the contaminants. After that the small piece of the plant is taken and it is also sterilized. Then this sterilized plant cell is made injected in the growth medium. After a few weeks, the small irregular group of cells are formed. This structure is called the callus.
The cytokinin and the auxin are responsible for the morphogenesis of the plant. In altering these plant hormones, callus can be regenerated into the plant. Then this callus uses the nutrients from the agar solution and differentiates into the stem, root and the leaves. After that the plant is grown and it is capable of growing and living in an external environment.

Thus, the option (D) is the correct answer.

Note: This plant tissue culture is used in the field of horticulture, agriculture, forestry etc. It is used to produce the large number of identical individuals from the single meristematic cell culture. This is used for commercial plant production in the potting, landscape etc.