Question

In passive transport, carrier protein is required to facilitate transport of
A. Neutral solutes
B. Hydrophobic molecules
C. Non polar molecules
D. Polar molecules

Answer 1

Hint:- some carrier proteins do not require no energy sources. The plasma membrane is made up of phospholipids, which allow the movements of neutral solutes. Some also function in the dual movement of molecules and ions across the cell membrane.

Complete Answer:- Passive transport does not require energy input. An example of passive transport is diffusion, the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Sometimes, molecules cannot move through the cell membrane on their own. These molecules need special transport proteins to help them to move across the membrane, a process known as facilitated diffusion. These special proteins are called channel proteins or carrier proteins, and they are attached to the cell membrane.
Neutral solutes: a neutral solution is a solution that has a pH of 7. it is neither acidic nor basic but right in the middle or neutral. water and human blood are great examples of neutral solute.
Hydrophobic molecules tend to be non polar and thus prefer other neutral molecules and non polar solvents. because water molecules are polar, hydrophobes do not dissolve well among them. hydrophobic molecules in water often cluster together forming micelles.
Non polar molecules: when atoms bond together to form molecules, they share or give electrons. if the electrons are shared equally by the atoms, then there is no resulting charge and the molecule is nonpolar.
Polar molecules are the opposite and have a positive or negative charge. For example water requires carrier proteins as they are attracted towards the phospholipid heads ( hydrophilic ) of lipid bilayer while are repelled by the fatty acyl tail ( hydrophobic ) and hence cannot pass through the lipid bilayer that constitutes the plasma membrane. hence the answer is polar molecules.

Note:- : Protein is a type of cell membrane protein involved in facilitated diffusion and active transport. carrier proteins are responsible for the diffusion of sugars, amino acids, and nucleosides. carrier proteins facilitate the movement of polar molecules and /or ions on the intracellular and extracellular side of the cell membrane.