Question

In normal healthy individuals, the percentage of adult and fetal haemoglobin, the ratio of $HbA: HbA_2 : HbF$ is
A. 96:2:2
B. 45:45:10
C. 50:45:5
D. 80:10:10

Answer 1

Hemoglobin (abbreviated Hb or Hgb, is the iron-containing oxygen-transport metalloprotein (protein-containing metal ion cofactor) in the red blood cells (erythrocytes) of almost all vertebrates and in the tissues of some invertebrates. It carries oxygen from the lungs or gills in the blood to the rest of the body tissues. Their oxygen is released to permit aerobic respiration to provide energy to power the functions of the organism in the process called metabolism.

Complete answer:
• Hemoglobin consists of protein as subunits these are called globin molecules, and these proteins are folded chains of a large number of different amino acids called polypeptides.
• In humans, there is more than one hemoglobin gene: in humans, hemoglobin A (the main form of hemoglobin) is coded for by the genes, $HBA_1, HBA_2,$ and HBB.
• The amino acid sequences of the globin proteins in hemoglobins usually differ between different species. The percentage of Hb A is about 97 percent, while that of Hb F is less than two percent and $HbA_2$ is 2percent-3 percent.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A).

Additional information:
In some organisms, hemoglobins may carry oxygen and regulate other small molecules and ions such as carbon dioxide, nitric oxide, hydrogen sulfide, and sulfide. A variant of the molecule, called leghemoglobin, is used to scavenge oxygen away from anaerobic systems.
Hemoglobinemia- It is a medical condition in which there is an excess of hemoglobin in the blood plasma. This hemoglobin separates from red blood cells, a form of anemia.

Note: The normal range for hemoglobin in adult men is 13.5 to 17.5 grams per deciliter and for women, 12.0 to 15.5 grams per deciliter. The amount in the fetus varies. Haemoglobin F is found in the fetus and the amount decreases as it grows. So, there is a difference in the ratio in the amount of adult and fetal hemoglobin.