Question

In man, sperms contain autosomes and allosomes, then which of the following is allosome?
A. Only Y chromosome
B. Only X chromosome
C. Both X and Y chromosomes
D. Either X or Y chromosomes

Answer 1

Autosomes and allosomes are two types of chromosomes. Beyond sex chromosomes, both chromosomes are autosomes. Autosomes have been described in the human genome on the basis of their number. In the somatic cells, all sex chromosomes occur in pairs while single in the gametic cells.

Complete answer: Autosomes, which consist of a pair of X chromosomes in females and one X and Y chromosome in males, are considered the 23rd pair of chromosomes. These chromosome sets are often referred to as sex chromosomes because they assist in deciding an individual's sex and are involved in sexual reproduction. Males have 22 pairs of homologous chromosomes, and in females, there are 23 pairs of homologous pairs. The X chromosome in the ova is located on the 23rd chromosome, while in individual sperm, X or Y may be present in males. Autosomes are not involved in sexual reproduction and thus do not play any part in an individual's genetic determination. Each autosome is made up of several thousands of genes, each performing a special role in the cells of the organism.

Human males are made up of 22 autosomal pairs and the last allosome XY. Thus, there will be 22 autosomes in haploid gamete and either X or Y.

Hence, the correct answer is option D- Either X or Y chromosomes.

Note: There are Barr bodies in genotypically human females. Per somatic cell, a one-Barr body is located. This is a deactivated X chromosome type that is seen in the nucleus as a small dark staining structure. In males, Barr's body is only present in cases of Klinefelter syndrome.