Question

In genetics the term test cross means
A) The crossing of ${F_1}$ individual with homozygous recessive
B) Crossing an ${F_1}$ individual with either of the two parents
C) Crossing ${F_1}$ individual with another ${F_1}$ individual
D) Crossing ${F_1}$ individual with that of ${F_2}$

Answer 1

A person with a dominant phenotype can have two copies of the dominant allele (homozygous dominant) or one copy of each dominant and recessive allele (heterozygous dominant).A test cross is used to decide whether a person is homozygous dominant or heterozygous dominant.

Complete answer:
The test cross is an experiment that Gregor Mendel first used in his studies of pea plant genetics. According to Mendel's theory, each organism bore two copies of each characteristic, which still holds today. One was a dominant trait, while the other was recessive.
A test cross is when an ${F_1}$ individual is crossed with a homozygous recessive parent.It's a back cross of some kind. It determines whether a given ${F_1}$ hybrid is homozygous or heterozygous.${F_1}$ hybrids are homozygous if all of the progeny from a test cross is identical or heterozygous if 50 percent dominant and 50 percent recessive progeny are obtained.'The crossing of ${F_1}$ individuals with homozygous recessive' is the proper response.

Thus the correct answer is option ‘A’.

Note: The test cross is becoming less common in genetics as more sophisticated techniques for determining genotype arise. Genetic testing and genome mapping are modern advancements that allow for more effective and accurate genotype details to be determined. On the other hand, test crosses are still used today and have laid a solid basis for the advancement of more advanced techniques.