Question

In barley stem, vascular bundles are
A. Open and scattered
B. Closed and scattered
C. Open and in a ring
D. Closed and radial

Answer 1

Vascular plants possess the transport system part known as the vascular bundle.
The transport in vascular tissues occurs through the xylem and phloem. Both xylem and phloem are present in a vascular bundle.
Vascular bundles also have protective and supportive tissues along with xylem and phloem. Vascular bundles are located near the stem edge and have xylem on the inner side and phloem on the outer side.

Complete answer:
-Barley is monocotyledonous cereal.
-Monocot stem has their vascular bundles closed because it lacks vascular cambium and so, no secondary growth is visible in monocot stem.
-The vascular bundles are spread all over the ground tissue.
-Thus, the barley stem has its vascular bundles closed and scattered.
-In all spermatophytes, vascular bundles are open.
-In the dicot stem, the vascular bundles are in a ring pattern.
-Radial vascular bundles are present in roots.

Hence, the correct answer is option (B).

Additional information:
-Vascular bundles transport water, minerals, salt, and other substances in the vascular plants.
-Xylem and phloem are the two main components of the vascular bundles.
-Xylem transports water whereas phloem transports food.
-Xylem is responsible for unidirectional flow and phloem for the bidirectional flow.

Note: Vascular bundles are responsible for the transport of water and solutes in the vascular plants. Arrangement of the vascular bundles varies in different plants. There are seven types of arrangements of vascular bundles. The vascular bundles of the stem are collateral, conjoint, exarch, and closed. They are also scattered throughout the ground tissue. In closed vascular bundles, cambium is absent whereas in open vascular bundles cambium is present. Open vascular bundles are the feature of dicots and closed are present in the monocotyledons.