Question

In an ideal step-up transformer input voltage is ${\text{110}}\,{\text{V}}$ and current flowing in the secondary is ${\text{10}}\,{\text{A}}$, if transformation ratio is ${\text{10}}$, calculate output voltage, current in primary input power and output power.

Answer 1

Firstly, we need to use the given value of secondary current in the transformation ratio of the step-up transformer the place the value in the equation ${V_1}{I_1} = {V_2}{I_2}$.

Complete step by step answer:
Here,
We know that,
In step-up transformer, transformation ratio is
$(k > 1) = \dfrac{{{N_2}}}{{{N_1}}} = \dfrac{{{V_2}}}{{{V_1}}} = \dfrac{{{I_1}}}{{{I_2}}} = 10$(Given) …… (1)
And,
${V_1}{I_1} = {V_2}{I_2}$ …… (2)
Now,
Using equation (1), we get
$\dfrac{{{V_2}}}{{110}} = \dfrac{{{I_1}}}{{10}} = 10$(Given)
$\Rightarrow {V_2} = 1100\,{\text{V,}}\,\,{{\text{I}}_1} = 100\,{\text{A}}$
Therefore,
Input power$=$ Output power = $$$${V_1}{I_1} = 110 \times 100 = 11\,{\text{kW}}
Hence,
Output voltage is${\text{110}}\,{\text{V}}$
Current in primary is ${\text{100}}\,{\text{A}}$
Input power is ${\text{11}}\,{\text{kW}}$
Output power is ${\text{11}}\,{\text{kW}}$

Note:
A transformer is defined as a passive electrical device that, through the process of electromagnetic induction, transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another. It is most commonly used to increase ('step up') or decrease ('step down') voltage levels between circuits.
A transformer is called a step-up transformer, which raises the voltage from main to secondary (more secondary winding turns than primary winding turns. Conversely, a transformer is called a step-down transformer, intended to do the exact opposite.
Voltage is the pressure from the power source of an electrical circuit that moves charged electrons (current) into a conductive loop, allowing them to do work like lighting a lamp.
An electrical current is the electrical charge flow rate past a point or area. When there is a net flow of electrical charges through an area, an electric current is said to occur. Charged particles bear electric charge so an electrical current is a river of charged particles.
Output voltage is the voltage a system produces, like a voltage regulator or a generator. Voltage regulators keep stress levels stable. To power spinning turbines that communicate with magnets to produce electricity, electricity generators use a fuel source, such as sunlight, coal or nuclear energy.